Monday, December 30, 2019

Self-Reflection - Leadership Development Essay - 861 Words

Self-Reflection - Leadership Development Many varied management and leadership philosophies exist and no single style or approach can be considered to be the ‘correct’ one. Regardless of management and leadership philosophies, self-reflection has played, and will continue to play, a significant role in the shaping of a managers leadership philosophy. Depending on the level of consciousness that a manager has in regards to self-reflection, along with how they communication their management and leadership philosophies, will affect their performance as a manager. Like all managers, my management and leadership philosophies have developed through experiences and the meaning assigned with these. The philosophies that I have previously†¦show more content†¦Actively self-reflecting and consciously communication personal values and characteristics provides a manager with the opportunity to control others perception of them and encourages them to be viewed as a leader. The evolvement of my personal philosophy of management and leadership has come as a result of positive and negative experiences as a manager and also being managed. I currently take a predominantly participative management approach that is based being people-centred. This is a relatively recent transition from a more autocratic and ‘one size fits all’ approach. A participative management approach to management and leadership has been proven to support a well-informed team with strong problem solving skills (Cole, 2010) that promote the key characteristics of developing a team that can work independently and in the absence of their manager. Learning to actively engage in self-reflection was the catalyst to understanding that my concept of managing and leading in an authoritarian manner may be driving negative outcomes in my team and organisation. The more autocratic and standardised approach that previously characterised my management and leadership style has proven to be sub optimal when applied as a singular methodology. Its biggest failing was to not take the diversity of needs of individuals into consideration. This resulted in disengagement of team members whose values were not being serviced by the approach. Notably, a team member moved toShow MoreRelatedCognitive Coaching1394 Words   |  6 PagesThe Effects of Cognitive Coaching on Education and in Supporting Teacher Leadership â€Å"Creating a profession of teaching in which teachers have the opportunity for continual learning is the likeliest way to inspire greater achievement for children, especially those for whom education is the only pathway to survival and success† (Sumner, 2011, p. 10). Educators today are required to have a different set of skills to effectively prepare students to be global competitors in the workplace. EducatorsRead MoreLeaders Are Born Not Made1254 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership Development In today’s business world, organizations will tell you there are numerous factors that contribute to the overall success of the company. These factors include great people, great culture, great leadership, great operations, and a great vision for the organization. In my opinion, great leaders are the ones who inspire and motivate the employees to be the best they can be. We have all heard the saying that â€Å"leaders are born not made†, but I would argue great leadership takesRead MoreSummary of My Leadership Style Essay1151 Words   |  5 PagesSummary of my leadership style Reflective practice is the best way for educators to search for ever-improved ways to facilitate student learning. Reflective practice also incorporates the belief that much resistance to change is rooted in the unexamined assumptions that shape habit. 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Saturday, December 21, 2019

The Argument On World War Z - 884 Words

Evaluative Argument on World War Z The movie World War Z is a zombie apocalyptic horror film directed by Marc Forster. The movie was loosely based off of Max Brook’s novel of the same name. Overall, it accrued positive reviews with a successful box office. Steve Persall applauded its aesthetic features, as it offers â€Å"vivid images of what these monsters are about and what they’re capable of doing†. Matt Zoller Seitz disagrees â€Å"as if someone watched the similar â€Å"28 Days Later† and thought, â€Å"That was a good movie, but it would be better if it cost $200 million†. The reviews generally agree that it is an action movie as the zombies â€Å"twitch, leap, gnash, and destroy† (Chris Cabin Slant Magazine). But they disagree on the appropriate rating and whether the film was overall satisfying in producing something new. It is balanced in violence and gore but keeps it friendly and â€Å"evades images of blood and gore† (Chris Cabin). Its category is science fiction horror and action film where it involves with special effects and horror aesthetics meant to evoke awe. World War Z is a good film and is packed with action, suspense, horror, and visual appeal. The action within the movie is very fast paced, and it begins during a normal commute in Philadelphia. Gerry Lane (portrayed by Brad Pitt) and his family fight to leave the congested streets with exponentially growing infected lurking about. Gerry fends off hordes of zombies as he navigates the supermarket and apartment complexes. TheShow MoreRelatedThe World War Z, Do Androids Dream Of Electric Sleep, By Isaac Asimov1220 Words   |  5 PagesThere have been very few books that I have changed in relation to the amount I ve been forced to read and in the amount that exist / I ve enjoyed a few Greek tragedies like the story of promethius or atlas, world war z, do androids dream of electric sleep, many of Isaac Asimov s books, many of Arthur C Clarke s books as well, some H.P. Love cra ft works, 1984, starship troopers, anthem and the halo book series. Not that I don t enjoy reading, I read everyday as a matter of fact but they tendRead MoreThe Movies That Rose From The Grave By Max Brooks860 Words   |  4 Pagesall-out war across the silver screen, a tradition that has endured for almost 40 years†(Brooks 212). Brooks also makes his essay trustworthy with an ethos-style strategy which is based on his own credibility as an American horror movie actor and screenwriter. 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Friday, December 13, 2019

Nature Of Scandals Perpetrators And Their Roles Accounting Essay Free Essays

A figure of accounting dirts have occurred within the past old ages, the consequence of which will go on to be remembered by the general populace. These dirts were blamed on series of factors, runing from hapless corporate administration to the compensation-plan of top direction. Two of the most dramatic and popular dirts were Polly Peck in the UK in 1990 and Enron in the US in 2001. We will write a custom essay sample on Nature Of Scandals Perpetrators And Their Roles Accounting Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now These two dirts where different in their ain ways, but they end-results were similar – distraught stockholders lost their full life nest eggs, employees lost their occupations, creditors did non acquire paid back, and tonss more. NATURE OF SCANDALS, PERPETRATORS AND THEIR ROLES In 1980, a company known as Restro Investment which was controlled by Asil Nadir bought 58 % of the portions of Polly Peck, a little company in the fabric industry for ?270,000. With this, he had control over the company and within 10 old ages of purchase, Polly Peck grew into a large company ( Wearing, 2005 ) . Within the old ages 1982 – 1989, turnover, pre-tax net income, and net assets rose from ?21 million to ?1.16 billion, ?9 million to ?161 million, and ?12 million to ?845 million severally ( Jones, 2011 ) . However, despite its first-class consequences, Polly Peck was unable to pay its creditors. What was surprising was that although Nadir had merely 25 % of the portions as at 1989, he still controlled and dominated the board and the company as a whole. Nadir extracted hard currency from Polly Peck and transferred it into its subordinate companies like Uni-Pac before he finally transferred it out for his personal usage. These backdowns would look in Polly Peck ‘s histories as sum owed by subordinates and would later be cancelled out as inter-company balance ( Jones, 2011 ) . An probe by the Serious Fraud Office ( SFO ) besides revealed that Polly Peck cooked up its assets in some of its subordinates so as to call off out the sum owed by these subordinates to Polly Peck. What besides made the dirt worse were the accounting policies adopted by Polly Peck which were in conformity to the demand of accounting criterions at that clip. In 1983, Polly Peck adopted the SSAP 20 ( Foreign Currency Translation ) and take to utilize the mean rate to interpret its profitless points. Therefore, when it restated its 1982 fiscal statement in line with SSAP, there was an addition of ?2.7 million in turnover and ?1.5 million in net assets for that twelvemonth merely. Hence, Polly Peck continued with its mean method in interpreting net income and loss points, and from 1983-1989, Polly Peck made a net income before involvement and revenue enhancement of ?599 mil lion and within the same period, debited ?415 million to the net income and loss history due to the motions on exchange. Of this ?415 million, ?56 million was as a consequence of the usage of the mean method in change overing its net income and loss points, while the balance was due to the interlingual rendition of its opening net investings. Hence, Polly Peck continued to turn each twelvemonth, as motion on the exchange was inauspicious. Andrew Fastow, the CFO at Enron, was behind the creative activity of Particular Purpose Entities ( entities set up to transport out certain activities ) into which Enron could dump debts and generate income, thereby lead oning investors on the existent nature of their capital construction. With this, he was able to conceal debt worth over $ 1 billion in the SPEs. Besides, due to the fact that the US GAAP stipulated that such SPEs need non be consolidated if at least 3 % of its entire funding came from independent equity holders, Enron had the perfect alibi non to consolidate their statements with those of their SPEs. However, it was subsequently discovered that the equity was non really owned by independent 3rd party, but by Enron itself. Therefore, Enron should hold consolidated the SPEs in the first case. Besides, Enron ‘s CEO, Jeffrey Skilling pleaded with regulators to enable the company utilize the mark- to-market accounting method, thereby enabling him to set down $ 65 mi llion of net income for his section. This was entirely done to enable him run into analysts ‘ outlook and besides obtain the promised compensation of 3 % of the value of his section ‘s concern. Enron ‘s board of managers fell abruptly of their duties by puting aside the codification of moralss and leting illegal partnership to take topographic point. Besides, the board did non follow through the probe carried out by the finance section sing the compensation of Fastow. Although the board argued that they had no cognition about what was traveling on, the Powers Report stated that the board had failed in its oversight responsibilities ( Gown A ; Abelson, 2002 ) . The audit commission at Enron had every right to look into the traffics that Enron was traveling into in order to halt it from the oncoming. However, they did non inquire any inquiries nor did they size up the boards ( Peel A ; Hill, 2002 ) . Analysts on the other manus compounded the fraud by endorsing Enron and promoting people to purchase their portions even when the stock monetary value was falling. Whenever analysts opted to state otherwise, they would run into jobs with their employers. This was the instance of Chung Wu who was sacked by his director Price Webber because Chung sent an electronic mail to Enron ‘s investors stating them to â€Å" take some money off the tabular array † as the fiscal state of affairs at Enron was non looking good. Detriments TO STAKEHOLDERS OF THE ENTITIES One of the negative effects of accounting frauds is the disadvantage it normally has on stakeholders like creditors, employees, stockholders, and any other individual or group of people who have a good involvement in the house. As respects Polly Peck, it was revealed that they owed over 1.3 billion to creditors. And to do affairs worse, these creditors merely received 4 pence for every lb they were owed. Besides, most stockholders every bit good as 1000 s of pensionaries lost all of their investing. Ten 1000s of employees besides lost their occupations. As with employees at Enron, they were deceived into believing that the company was still making good and were farther prevented from selling their stock or diversifying their portfolio even while the top executives were selling theirs. They watched haplessly as their life nest eggs vanished from their eyes. As a consequence of the dirt, the repute of top direction was destroyed and it led to some of them like Jeffery Skilling, Andrew Fastow, and Kenneth Ley being persecuted and later imprisoned. Sing the investors at Enron, both institutional and single investors lost a immense sum of their investing because they were deceived into believing that the house was still executing well.Regarding executives and senior direction, unethical patterns were paramount in Enron whereby those who played along were showered in compensations and wagess, while those who challenged the traffics were persecuted. GOVERNANCE ROLES THE BOARDS HAVE OVER THE ENTITIES The board of managers are those who are responsible for guaranting that the company is being managed by the directors in the involvement of the stockholders, and they are responsible for keeping the ethical codification of the organisation. Board of managers are besides meant to supervise accounting patterns in order to guarantee conformity with accounting criterions, reappraisal wage strategies of top executives in order to forestall struggle of involvement arising, and guarantee independency of company ‘s hearers by revolving the audit house after every few old ages and forestalling the audit house from supplying both internal and external audit services.This was non the instance at Enron as the improper administration of its board of managers was one of the major jobs which led to its autumn. It can besides be said that there was weak administration at Polly Peck as Nadir was able to travel big amounts of money without any employees or managers oppugning him. This was likely due to the fact that Nadir was moving as both president and CEO, thereby giving him absolute power and control and besides due to the deficiency of effectual control system within Polly Peck ‘s caput office in London. The control systems were so weak to the extent that even the demand for double signatures on bank backdowns was absent. ROLE OF EXTERNAL AUDITORS AND AN ASSESSMENT AS TO WHETHER THEIR AUDIT DUTIES WERE FULFILLED The hearers of Polly Peck were Erdal A ; co. ( Turkish subordinates hearers ) and Stoy Hayward ( UK- based group hearers ) . Erdal A ; co. collaborated with Polly Peck in the uses of their histories and this led to the exclusion of Erdal spouses from the Institute of Charted Accountants of England and Wales, while Stoy Hayward was criticized on the footing of inefficiency in the appraisal of Erdal in transporting out the audit of the Turkish subordinates of Polly Peck ; inefficiency in reexamining Erdal ‘s working documents ; and failure to look into the causes of the unnatural growing in its subordinates. SAS 82 requires external hearers to look for fiscal and non-financial inducements as indexs of fraud while transporting out their audit responsibilities. Harmonizing to Apostolo et Al ( 2001 ) , there were two of these non-financial inducements present at Enron which were ignored by Andersen. They were: compensation being linked to aggressive accounting patterns, and direction ‘s casual attitude over the internal controls. Besides, Andersen did non describe the revenue enhancement turning away strategy used by Enron. From another point of position, the drastic alterations in the fiscal statements of Enron were supposed to hold made the external hearers leery. Such as: Why the operating income, Earnings per portion ( EPS ) , and gross borders fluctuated greatly between the old ages 1997- 2000 Why the stock monetary value increased enormously in 2000, when the EPS merely increased by a small per centum, and in fact gross border per centum dropped from 13.3 % to 6 % . With all this, it can be said that both Stoy Hayward and Andersen did non take a close expression at the ruddy flags which suggested that there could be fraud at Polly Peck and Enron severally. AUDITORS CONFLICT OF INTERESTS Hearers ‘ struggle of involvement refers to a state of affairs whereby the personal involvement of hearers struggles with their fiducial responsibilities, therefore holding undue influence on their duties and forestalling them from moving in the best involvement of stockholders. This struggle of involvement can be existent or perceived. Arthur Andersen was Enron ‘s external hearer, supplying it with external audit services, internal audit services and consultancy services. Coupled with the fact that a big sum of the house ‘s fee was from its non-audit work instead than its audit work, it can be stipulated that there was a menace to the independency of Arthur Andersen, thereby taking to a struggle of involvement. In add-on, the relationship between Enron and Andersen ‘s employees was so close that at Enron ‘s office in Houston, it was hard to distinguish Enron ‘s employees from Andersen ‘s. To decline the state of affairs, Enron ‘s inter nal audit staff became Andersen ‘s staff when Enron ‘s internal audit division was taken over by Andersen. This depicts a true scenario of struggle of involvement as the independency place of the hearers has been compromised. Though Andersen argued that this relationship did non in any manner affect their independency place, it still was against the AICPA ‘s ( American Institute of Certified Public Accountants ) codification of professional behavior demand that external hearers should at all times give the â€Å" visual aspect of independency † in order to give credibleness to their work. In the instance of Polly Peck, the struggle of involvement that arose was on the portion of Coopers A ; Lybrand, who were responsible for the disposal and receivership of Polly Peck. There was a struggle of involvement as they had portions in Polly Peck, audited its subordinates, served as advisers to the managers and reported on the company ‘s prospectus ( Sikka, 2004 ) . Besides as Polly Peck was one of Stoy Hayward ‘s most established clients, there was the possibility of struggle of involvement as Stoy Hayward would non desire to lose a major beginning of their income. LESSONS LEARNT FROM THE SCANDALS Before the prostration of Polly Peck, stakeholders and the general populace found it difficult to understand how the company was doing its money even though it had no hard currency, but no 1 was making or stating anything about it, and there were no inquiries asked. Therefore, an of import lesson learnt is that inquiries should be raised and probes should be carried out when there is uncertainty, in order to place the possibility of a fraud before it ‘s excessively late. Besides, Asil Nadir was moving as both the president and CEO of Polly Peck, thereby holding so much authorization and power which means there was barely any segregation of responsibilities, doing it hard to acknowledge the fraud from the beginning. Hence, another lesson learnt is to hold two different persons moving as CEO and president, as stated in the Cadbury study. One of the lessons learnt from the Enron dirt is that hearers should be rotated after a certain figure of old ages so as to keep their independency. In the instance of Enron, Andersen was its hearer since its origin in 1983, hence, the stopping point relationship between Andersen and Enron. This likely led to Andersen overlooking the abnormalities of Enron. Besides, it was learnt that there should be a cheque on bonus-based compensation for employees, as this could hold made them beg any agencies to accomplish the declared fillip, even though it could be to the hurt of the company in the long tally. How were these lessons incorporated into subsequent codifications on corporate administration? Explain what these codifications aimed to accomplish As a disincentive for the dirt in Enron happening in future, the Sarbanes Oxley act 2002 ( SOX ) was introduced. This SOX does non undertake the issue of corporate administration by implementing codification of best pattern or rule, but by puting more duties on managers and senior direction. For illustration, the CEO and CFO must attest that to the best of their cognition that the one-year study and quarterly studies do non incorporate an untrue statement or skip of immaterial fact and that the fiscal statements and fiscal information reasonably represent, in all stuff facets, the true fiscal status and consequences of operations of the company. Therefore, one of the purposes of the SOX is to do the CEO and CFO guarantee that fraud does non happen, otherwise they will be held responsible and penalized. The act requires all listed companies to hold audit commissions which will be responsible for finding their audit fees and naming hearers, thereby guaranting they carry out their work decently. These audit commissions must dwell of independent managers who must non, in whatsoever circumstance, obtain confer withing and non-board fees from the company, thereby beef uping their independency from the company. Audited account houses are prohibited from functioning as hearers of a peculiar house for a twelvemonth, if it so occurred that the CEO, CFO, or main accounting officer of the audited house has in any manner participated in the company ‘s audit while employed by the audit house, thereby avoiding any struggle of involvement on the portion of hearers. Another measure taken was the constitution of PCAOB ( Public Company Accounting Oversight Board ) for the debut of stiff processs that will safeguard the hearers ‘ independency from direction and the ordinance of the profession. Besides, the PCAOB was put to supervise the audit of public companies in order to protect the involvement of investors. The Cadbury study was published in 1992 after the prostration of some outstanding UK companies, including Polly Peck. The prostration was chiefly as a consequence of board inadvertence and weak administration systems. The Cadbury study is a study of a commission chaired by Adrian Cadbury which focuses on the agreement of company boards and accounting systems to cut down corporate administration hazards and failures. It recommends the constitution of a non-statutory codification of best pattern and administration issues in listed companies. This was known as the combined codification which was to go the anchor of corporate administration. The codification recommends that board of UK corporations or publically traded companies should include at least three outside non-executive managers effectual internal control systems should be put in topographic point, there should be transparence in its fiscal coverage, and that places of Chairman of the Board ( COB ) and Chief Executive Officer ( CEO ) be held by two different persons. PRINCIPLE BASED CODES VERSUS RULES BASED CODES It can be said that the codifications under the US Code of Corporate Governance ( for illustration, Sarbanes Oxley Act ) are regulations based while those under the UK Code of Corporate Governance ( for illustration, Cadbury study ) are principle based. The US Code of Corporate Governance focuses on quantitative steps such as audit commission and outside managers while the UK Code of Corporate Governance focuses on qualitative steps such as transparence and due diligence. This can be seen in the instance of Enron – although it met the quantitative steps of corporate administration, it failed to run into the qualitative steps. The regulations based codifications can be said to be regulator-led as the SEC are apt for implementing, implementing and supervising codifications of corporate administration, hence, have a one-size-fits all attack and gives small or no room for creativeness, while the rule based codifications on the other manus can be said to be shareholders-led as the stockholders have the right to make up one’s mind on what codifications are indispensable and suited to guard their involvement. Harmonizing to Rezaee ( 2008 ) , the rules based attack is seen to be more effectual than the regulations based attack due to the fact that it is more flexible and enables the participants of corporate administration, for illustration hearers, audit commission and managers exercise their professional opinion, thereby, keeping the dependability and quality of the corporate administration system. Your positions as to whether the corporate administration codifications have addressed all the issues raised or whether other countries need to be addressed either through codifications or through companies ain corporate administration processs It can be concluded that though most of the issues sing the Polly Peck and Enron dirts have been addressed in the codifications of corporate administration, the issue of the audit commission has non been to the full addressed. Although the SEC requires listed companies to hold audit commissions, we believe they should be held more responsible and penalized if there is a corporate administration failure in the company which they are supervising. How to cite Nature Of Scandals Perpetrators And Their Roles Accounting Essay, Essay examples

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Manage Diversity in the Workplace

Question: Discuss about theManage Diversity in the Workplace. Answer: Introduction The aim of the report is to review the efficacy of a diversity policy and why diversity should be maintained in any organization. It also describes about the legislations influencing the policies of diversity and how diversity policy can be disseminated to all the staffs. Although there are different types of Diversity Policies are available, which can be implemented in an organization, after evaluating the structure of the selected organization it can be said that the implementation of Woolworths Limited Diversity Policy is the most appropriate one. It also includes the recommendations that can be done to improve the diversity policy. Diversity in Workplace Diversity in the workplace is referred as variation in thoughts, actions, and personality in between different people in any organization. Diversity is necessary for today's organizations to achieve maximum growth and development (Davis et al., 2016). An organization can attain its maximum profit and growth if it has employees of different ideas, diverse plans, and beneficial thoughts. Therefore, the implementation of an appropriate diversity policy is important for the growth of an organization. Importance of Diversity Policy The Woolworths Limited is helpful in order to develop as well as promote diversity for a particular organization. The boards of Directors always perform evaluation of a company and develop diversity related measurable objectives for the particular company. The aim of this organization is to devote them to an inclusive workplace that embraces and promotes diversity. Therefore, it can be said that the Woolworths Limited Diversity Policy include clear objectives as well as a clear aim, which help them to fulfill their purpose. The Woolworths Limited always value the contributions of people with diverse backgrounds and their experiences as well as perspectives in order to provide exceptional customer services in a diverse community. However, it is found that this organization does not have any specific diversity targets. Legislations Influencing Diversity Policies The legislations which influence a diversity policy in any company are- Racial Discrimination Act 1975, Sex Determination Act 1984, Disability discrimination and other human rights legislation amendment act 2009, Age discrimination act 2004, Human rights and equal opportunity commission act 1986, work health and safety act 2011 and fair work act 2009. The programs available in Australia for Lesbian, Gay, bisexual, transgender and inter-sexed (LGBTI) are- Australian lesbian and gay archives, national LGBTI health alliance and others. The program for gender equity implemented by the Australian government is Gender equality and women's empowerment strategy (Davis et al., 2016). The program for disability includes an Australian disability parking scheme, Australian disability enterprises, and others. The program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples includes the Oxfam program including health and well- being the program. The program for migrant workers is general skilled migration (GSM) program. Dissemination of Diversity Policies Diversity policies can be spread within all the employees by conducting compulsory staff meetings on a monthly basis or at least in four months. Policies and rules can be easily transferred by mailing them and ensuring that the employees deliver electronic signature, which indicates that they had gone through the critical updates (Kirton Greene., 2015). It can also be done by posting relevant and necessary updates on the official page of the organization so that all can read that at the same time. By providing the employees with revised handbooks in a year can also help in some ways. Review of Policy Review of any policy can be done by considering the policies, procedures and practices that can be identified as strengths and weaknesses in that policy. The areas once identified, are taken for further improvement (Kirton Greene., 2015). The internal forums which can be provided include promotional staff meetings, management meetings, posters and motivational news and appraisals. The external forums can include conferences, seminars, journals, and awards. Recommendations The diversity in the workplace can be improved by widening the recruitment base by using online pages which can be easily accessed by everyone. Development of evaluation form can help in understanding the areas which need improvement. By using the staffs for recruiting new employees can also help in choosing diverse and good candidates. Making clear all the employees about the benefits of diversity and how it can be achieved. Making a good diversity strategic plan helps in achieving goals of the organization for achieving maximum profit. Conclusion From the above discussions it can be said that diversity maintenance in any workplace or organization is necessary for attaining higher growth and development. With the increasing rate of diversified work group it is important to implement diversity policy in an organization. Reference Davis, P. J., Frolova, Y., Callahan, W. (2016). Workplace diversity management in Australia: What do managers think and what are organisations doing?.Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal,35(2), 81-98. Kirton, G., Greene, A. M. (2015).The dynamics of managing diversity: A critical approach. Routledge.

Thursday, November 28, 2019

Aspirin essays

Aspirin essays Analgesics are compounds used to reduce pain, antipyretics are compounds used to reduce fever. One popular drug that does both is aspirin. Salicylic acid is reacted with acetic anhydride with the use of heat and sulfuric acid, which acts as a catalyst, to produce acetylsalicylic acid or commonly known as aspirin. This process is known as esterification. In the experiment, 2.0293 g of salicylic acid is used to react with 4.00 ml of acetic anhydride to produce 0.3565 g of acetylsalicylic acid giving rise to a 13.45 % yield. Salicylic acid is a simple aromatic carboxylic acid that became a key component of medical treatment throughout history, dating back to the Greeks (400 BC) and their use of willow tree bark. It was found in 1827 that the active agent in willow bark is an aromatic compound called salicin, which could be converted by reaction with water into salicyl alcohol and then oxidized to give salicylic acid. Felix Hoffman, working for Friedrich Baeyer and Company in 1883, acetylated salicylic acid and reduced the irritating side effects of salicylic acid in the mucous membrane of the stomach and made one of history's most popular drugs commonly referred to as aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). Aspirin proved to be more effective in relieving pain and inflammation of rheumatoid arthritis. In a search for even more effective and less irritating analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs, the Boots Pure Drug Company in England discovered ibuprofen. Soon thereafter, Syntex Corporation in US developed naproxen and Rhne-Poulenc in France developed ketoprofen. In the 1960s, it was discovered that aspirin acts as by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX), a key enzyme in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins. The acetyl group of aspirin is transferrable to enzymes such as prostaglandin synthase. Acetylation of prostaglandin synthase inhibits its cyclooxygenase acti ...

Monday, November 25, 2019

Career Choice Project †Information Systems Current Issues Essay (300 Level Course)

Career Choice Project – Information Systems Current Issues Essay (300 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers Career Choice Project Information Systems Current Issues Essay (300 Level Course) After completing the Career Choice application provided by the Internship and Career Center, I was given many choices of jobs that would suite to my lifestyle as well as was able to choose jobs and research what I was interested in. Once Career Choice was completed, and it provided jobs that â€Å"suite to my lifestyle†, I disagreed with what was originally given. Once slowly working through it, and more data was taken from me, information on what jobs I would be interested in matched much more consistently to my ideas. The three jobs I found to most suite what I am interested in are Computer Network Telecommunications Technician, Computer Network Systems Administrator, and Engineer, Computer Systems. A Computer Network Telecommunication Technician (CNTT) includes the assistance to a network administrator dealing with hardware, software, or infrastructure to an information system. As this career does not require a bachelor’s degree, it would be just a start to moving up the chain of command. As the skills needed in this job are Technical, Computer literacy, and diagnosing I believe I am well prepared to do this job. As the work conditions are nearly equal to an eight to five job, not many overtime hours, but this comes with the basic salary of 30 – 35 thousand dollars per year. A Computer Network Systems Administrator (CNSA) is the knowledge to know what and when to install in an information system, as well as the capability to install and maintain. This career requires a bachelor’s degree in some type of information systems degree. Skills needed in this occupation would include Information Handling, Computer Literacy, and diagnosing. These three jobs also are included in what I believe I am capable of. As this position is a bit more time consuming, as well as the knowledge needed to take this position is more than the previous, the pay is higher. The salary for this occupation is 35 to 42 thousand a year. An Engineer of Computer Systems also known as a Systems Analyst is the occupation I am aiming for as a lifetime career. In this career, you would be in charge of handling the information data needs of users, inside and outside of your company. This position in today’s economy is growing rapidly. According to Career Choice, it is neither as high paying, nor as in demand as it really is. I am currently enrolled in a class on this subject of the information systems market. This is a very interesting subject, learning how to design and put in place everything from business processes to new technology. As this job is very much in demand in today’s economy, it is also not an easy one. Once the skill sets used in this occupation is part of my skill set, which I plan to retrieve from the first two previously described occupations. This occupation according to Career Choice requires knowledge in number computing, technical, computer literacy, and diagnosing. Each of the se skills are definitely needed, yet only real world experience can get you the skills needed to complete this occupation. The CNTT position as well as the CNSA position are very similar, and are very close in the chain of command, they both are jobs I consider to have at some point before I attempt at an Systems Analyst position. I do not believe I can fulfill my duties needed to be a Systems Analyst without the real world experience first. As I have been associated with the Information Systems world for years, I believe the base salaries given by Career Choice are low balled, and are much higher, especially with information systems degree. As the skill sets between the first two are similar, they are both similar to the third occupation. Luckily Career Choice came to the same conclusions of what I wanted to do with my life. Research Papers on Career Choice Project - Information Systems Current Issues Essay (300 Level Course)Open Architechture a white paperIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfThe Project Managment Office SystemMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationResearch Process Part OneAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaPETSTEL analysis of India

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Learning Style Inventory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Learning Style Inventory - Essay Example Sometimes these questions seemed obvious or sometimes they were questions that begged for them to go deeper into the subject matter. If I was asking obvious questions I was asking because I needed clarification to make sure I was on the same page as the teacher. I am not a person that is quick to respond when there is a problem. The explanation of solitary learning style says that these people have a tendency to withdraw while they are solving a problem rather than talk to someone. This is the type of person I am which drives some of my friends crazy. I just like to think about things before I act on them. The classes I like most are those that allow me to do my own work in my own style. I do not like classes that have a set patter of things that have to be done and that expect you just to do the work without question. I like questioning and I learn more when the professors are patient and answer what I am asking. Many of my classes fit my learning style but to pick one it would have to be an English class that I had a couple of semesters ago. The teacher made English interesting because we were given a choice of projects around a theme. As an example, we were supposed to go out and look at a couple of stores and decide what they were "really" selling. Once we did this we were to write up a compare and contrast paper. The teacher was outgoing and during class time he had us reading very interesting short stories and commenting on them. His techniques matched my learning style because we were able to express ourselves in writing and he did not press those who did not talk in class. I t hought he was a very interesting person and I enjoyed his class very much. I found it interesting that security guards were one of the "common pursuits" that this learning style inventory suggested. I can see how it might be a profession where you would work by yourself but it still seems that you would be working around people and it would not be as solitary